Nicolae Paulescu was a Romanian physiologist and professor, best known for his discovery of insulin in 1921. He conducted research on the pancreas and its role in diabetes, which led to significant advancements in understanding this disease. His work laid the foundation for the development of insulin therapy, which has saved countless lives. In addition to his scientific contributions, Paulescu was also involved in politics and was a member of the Romanian Academy. His legacy is often overshadowed by other scientists, such as Frederick Banting and John Macleod, who are credited with the first successful extraction of insulin for medical use.