Neutrino detection is the process of identifying and measuring neutrinos, which are tiny, nearly massless particles that rarely interact with matter. These elusive particles are produced in various cosmic events, such as supernovae, nuclear reactions in the sun, and particle collisions. Due to their weak interactions, detecting neutrinos requires specialized equipment, often located deep underground or underwater to shield against other types of radiation.
To capture neutrinos, scientists use large detectors filled with materials like water or ice. When a neutrino interacts with an atom in these materials, it can produce a faint flash of light or other detectable signals. By analyzing these signals, researchers can learn about the sources and properties of neutrinos, contributing to our understanding of the universe.