Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a small protein found in the brain and nervous system that plays a crucial role in regulating various functions, including appetite, stress response, and circadian rhythms. It is produced by neurons and acts as a signaling molecule, helping to communicate between cells. High levels of NPY are often associated with increased hunger and food intake, making it an important player in energy balance. In addition to its role in appetite, Neuropeptide Y is also involved in emotional responses and anxiety regulation. Research suggests that NPY may help protect against stress and promote resilience, making it a potential target for developing treatments for anxiety disorders and obesity.