Network Switching is a technology used in computer networks to direct data packets between devices. It operates by receiving incoming data, determining the destination address, and forwarding the data to the correct device. This process helps improve network efficiency and reduces congestion by ensuring that data travels the shortest path to its destination. There are different types of switches, including unmanaged switches and managed switches. Unmanaged switches are simple devices that require no configuration, while managed switches offer advanced features like traffic monitoring and network management. Both types play a crucial role in maintaining effective communication within local area networks (LANs).