The Network File System (NFS) is a protocol that allows users to access files over a network as if they were on their local computer. Developed by Sun Microsystems in the 1980s, NFS enables different operating systems to share files seamlessly, making it easier for users to collaborate and access data from various devices. NFS works by using a client-server architecture, where the server hosts the files and the clients access them. This setup allows multiple users to read and write files simultaneously, enhancing productivity in environments like corporate networks and data centers.