Network Emulation is a technique used to simulate the behavior of a network environment. It allows developers and engineers to test applications and systems under various network conditions without needing physical hardware. This is particularly useful for understanding how software will perform in real-world scenarios, such as varying bandwidth, latency, or packet loss. By using network emulators, users can create virtual networks that mimic the characteristics of different types of connections, such as Wi-Fi or cellular networks. This helps in identifying potential issues and optimizing performance before deployment, ultimately leading to more reliable and efficient applications.