Network congestion occurs when a network's demand for data transmission exceeds its capacity. This can lead to slower speeds, increased latency, and packet loss, making it difficult for users to access online services effectively. Factors contributing to congestion include high traffic volumes, limited bandwidth, and inefficient routing. To alleviate network congestion, various strategies can be employed, such as upgrading infrastructure, implementing traffic management techniques, and optimizing data flow. Network administrators often monitor usage patterns to identify peak times and adjust resources accordingly, ensuring a smoother experience for users relying on the network for activities like streaming, gaming, or browsing.