Nephrotoxicity refers to the harmful effects of certain substances on the kidneys, which can lead to impaired kidney function. This condition can be caused by various factors, including medications, toxins, and environmental pollutants. When the kidneys are damaged, they may struggle to filter waste products from the blood, potentially leading to serious health issues. Common causes of nephrotoxicity include certain antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and heavy metals. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent long-term damage. Regular monitoring of kidney function is essential for individuals at risk, especially those undergoing treatments that may affect the kidneys, such as chemotherapy or exposure to radiation.