Nephrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both kidneys. This operation is typically performed to treat conditions such as kidney cancer, severe kidney damage, or kidney disease. The procedure can be done through open surgery or minimally invasive techniques, depending on the patient's condition and the surgeon's expertise. After a nephrectomy, patients may need to adjust to life with one kidney or manage the effects of losing both. Recovery time varies, but most individuals can return to normal activities within a few weeks. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor kidney function and overall health.