Neofusicoccum is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Botryosphaeriaceae. These fungi are primarily known for their role as plant pathogens, affecting a variety of trees and shrubs. They can cause diseases such as cankers and leaf spots, leading to significant agricultural and horticultural losses. The genus includes several species that are often associated with stressed or weakened plants. Neofusicoccum fungi can be found in various environments, and their spores are typically spread by wind or water. Understanding their biology and ecology is essential for managing the diseases they cause in crops and ornamental plants.