The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) was enacted in 1966 to promote the preservation of historical and archaeological sites in the United States. It established a framework for protecting significant cultural resources and created the National Register of Historic Places, which lists sites worthy of preservation. The act encourages federal agencies to consider the impact of their projects on historic properties. The NHPA also established the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, which advises the government on preservation matters. It provides guidelines for state and local preservation programs, ensuring that communities can protect their heritage while balancing development and growth.