The Nanban trade refers to the exchange of goods and culture between Japan and European countries, particularly during the 16th to 17th centuries. This period marked the arrival of Portuguese and later Dutch traders in Japan, introducing new products such as firearms, textiles, and various foods. During the Nanban trade, Japan also exported items like silver and ceramics. The interaction led to significant cultural exchanges, including the introduction of Christianity by missionaries. However, the trade declined in the early 17th century as Japan adopted isolationist policies, limiting foreign influence and trade.