NH4Cl, or ammonium chloride, is a white crystalline salt composed of ammonium (NH4+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. It is commonly used in fertilizers, food processing, and as a flavoring agent in some cuisines. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions, making it useful in various chemical reactions. In addition to its industrial applications, NH4Cl is also utilized in laboratories and as a component in some medical treatments. It can act as an electrolyte in certain situations and is sometimes used in cough medicine to help loosen mucus.