A nöron, or neuron, is a specialized cell in the nervous system responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. Neurons communicate through electrical impulses and chemical signals, allowing them to relay messages between the brain, spinal cord, and other body parts. They play a crucial role in processes such as reflexes, sensory perception, and motor control. Neurons consist of three main parts: the cell body, which contains the nucleus; dendrites, which receive signals from other neurons; and the axon, which transmits signals to other neurons or muscles. This complex structure enables efficient communication, essential for all bodily functions.