"N!" represents the mathematical concept of factorial, denoted as "n!" where "n" is a non-negative integer. The factorial of a number is the product of all positive integers from 1 to that number. For example, 5! equals 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1, which equals 120. Factorials are commonly used in permutations, combinations, and various areas of mathematics. Factorials grow rapidly as "n" increases. For instance, while 3! equals 6, 10! equals 3,628,800. The concept of factorial is essential in fields such as combinatorics, probability, and statistics, where it helps calculate arrangements and selections of items.