Musical notation is a system used to visually represent music through symbols on a staff. The staff consists of five lines and four spaces, where notes are placed to indicate pitch. Different symbols, such as quarter notes and eighth notes, show the duration of each sound, while additional markings can indicate dynamics and expression. In addition to notes, musical notation includes various symbols for rests, which signify silence, and clefs, which determine the pitch range of the music. This system allows musicians to read and perform compositions accurately, facilitating communication and collaboration in the world of music.