The Museu Nacional is a prominent museum located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was established in 1818 and is known for its extensive collection of natural history, anthropology, and archaeology. The museum houses over 20 million items, including fossils, artifacts, and cultural objects from various civilizations. In September 2018, the museum suffered a devastating fire that destroyed a significant portion of its collection. Since then, efforts have been made to restore the building and recover lost artifacts. The Museu Nacional remains an important institution for research and education in Brazil.