Multidistrict Litigation (MDL) is a legal process that consolidates multiple related cases into one court to streamline pretrial proceedings. This is often used when numerous lawsuits arise from a common issue, such as a defective product or a widespread disaster. By centralizing these cases, the court can reduce duplication of efforts and ensure consistent rulings. In an MDL, a single judge oversees the pretrial phase, which includes discovery and motions. However, the individual cases remain separate, and if they go to trial, they may be sent back to their original courts. This process helps manage complex litigation efficiently.