Muhammad II, also known as Muhammad the Conqueror, was the Ottoman Sultan from 1444 to 1446 and again from 1451 to 1481. He is best known for his conquest of Constantinople in 1453, which marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and established the Ottomans as a dominant power in southeastern Europe and the eastern Mediterranean. Under his rule, the Ottoman Empire expanded significantly, incorporating territories in Balkans, Anatolia, and North Africa. Muhammad II implemented various administrative reforms and promoted arts and architecture, leading to a cultural flourishing during his reign. His legacy continues to influence the region today.