Mountaineering equipment includes essential tools and gear designed to help climbers safely navigate and ascend mountains. Key items include climbing ropes, carabiners, and harnesses, which provide safety and support during climbs. Additionally, ice axes and crampons are crucial for traversing icy or steep terrain. Other important gear consists of helmets for head protection, backpacks for carrying supplies, and climbing shoes for better grip and comfort. Proper clothing, such as thermal layers and waterproof jackets, is also vital to protect against harsh weather conditions while climbing.