Monsanto was an American agrochemical and agricultural biotechnology corporation founded in 1901. It became well-known for developing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and herbicides, particularly Roundup, which contains the active ingredient glyphosate. The company aimed to improve crop yields and resistance to pests, contributing to modern agricultural practices. In 2018, Monsanto was acquired by Bayer, a German pharmaceutical and life sciences company. This acquisition expanded Bayer's portfolio in the agricultural sector, but Monsanto's legacy remains controversial due to debates over the safety and environmental impact of GMOs and the use of glyphosate in farming.