Monitoring wells are specialized boreholes used to observe and measure the quality and level of groundwater. They are typically installed in areas where contamination is a concern, allowing scientists and environmental engineers to collect data on pollutants and water levels over time. These wells are equipped with various instruments that can detect changes in water chemistry and flow. By regularly sampling the water, researchers can assess the effectiveness of remediation efforts and ensure that groundwater resources remain safe for human use and the environment.