Molecular shape refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. This shape is crucial because it influences how molecules interact with each other, affecting properties like reactivity, polarity, and biological activity. The shape is determined by the types of bonds between atoms and the repulsion between electron pairs, which can be predicted using theories like VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion). Different molecular shapes include linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and octahedral. Each shape arises from the number of bonds and lone pairs around a central atom. Understanding molecular shape is essential in fields such as chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, where the function of a molecule often depends on its structure.