Moduli problems are a type of mathematical inquiry that focuses on classifying geometric objects, such as curves or surfaces, based on their properties. These problems often involve finding a parameter space, called a moduli space, where each point represents a different object with similar characteristics. In essence, moduli problems help mathematicians understand how different shapes or structures can be grouped together. By studying these relationships, researchers can gain insights into the underlying principles that govern the behavior of these objects in various mathematical contexts, including algebraic geometry and topology.