Modernization Theory is a social science theory that explains how societies transition from traditional to modern states. It suggests that as countries develop, they undergo a series of stages that lead to economic growth, technological advancement, and improved social structures. This theory often emphasizes the role of industrialization and urbanization in transforming societies. The theory also posits that Western nations, such as those in Europe and North America, serve as models for development. It argues that adopting Western values, institutions, and practices can help other countries achieve similar progress. Critics, however, point out that this perspective can overlook local cultures and historical contexts.