Modern Western Thought refers to the intellectual traditions and ideas that have developed in Western societies since the Renaissance. It encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including philosophy, science, politics, and art. Key figures such as René Descartes, Immanuel Kant, and Friedrich Nietzsche have significantly influenced contemporary perspectives on knowledge, ethics, and existence. This thought is characterized by an emphasis on reason, individualism, and empirical evidence. The Enlightenment period played a crucial role in shaping these ideas, promoting ideals of liberty and democracy. Today, Modern Western Thought continues to evolve, addressing issues like postmodernism and globalization.