Mixed-signal circuits are electronic circuits that can process both analog and digital signals. These circuits are essential in devices that need to convert real-world signals, like sound or light, into digital data that computers can understand, and vice versa. Common applications include audio equipment, sensors, and communication devices. The design of mixed-signal circuits often involves integrating components such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). This integration allows for efficient signal processing and helps reduce the size and cost of electronic devices. Mixed-signal technology is crucial in modern electronics, enabling seamless interaction between the analog and digital worlds.