The case of Miranda v. Arizona was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1966. It involved Ernesto Miranda, who was arrested and confessed to a crime without being informed of his rights. The Court ruled that individuals in police custody must be informed of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning. This ruling established what are now known as Miranda rights. These rights ensure that suspects are aware of their legal protections, helping to prevent self-incrimination and ensuring fair treatment under the law. The decision has had a lasting impact on law enforcement practices in the United States.