The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were eight international development goals established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000. They aimed to address global challenges such as poverty, education, gender equality, and health by 2015. Each goal had specific targets and indicators to measure progress, encouraging countries to work together to improve living conditions worldwide. The MDGs included goals like reducing extreme poverty, ensuring universal primary education, and promoting gender equality. They were succeeded by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, which expanded the agenda to include broader issues like climate change and sustainable development, reflecting a more comprehensive approach to global challenges.