The term "Milesians" refers to the ancient Greek settlers from the city of Miletus, located in present-day Turkey. They were known for their contributions to philosophy, science, and trade during the 6th century BCE. Notable figures such as the philosopher Thales and mathematician Anaximander emerged from this region, influencing Western thought. Milesians played a significant role in the development of early Greek culture and colonization. They established numerous colonies across the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, facilitating cultural exchange and economic growth. Their advancements in navigation and commerce helped shape the ancient world.