The Middle Ages, also known as the Medieval Period, lasted from approximately the 5th to the late 15th century. This era began after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and is characterized by the rise of feudalism, the spread of Christianity, and the establishment of kingdoms across Europe. During the Middle Ages, significant developments occurred in art, architecture, and education. Notable structures like cathedrals and castles were built, while universities began to emerge. The period also saw the influence of figures such as Charlemagne and the Black Death, which shaped the social and economic landscape of Europe.