The microwave spectrum refers to a range of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 1 millimeter and 1 meter, corresponding to frequencies from 300 GHz to 300 MHz. This part of the spectrum is commonly used in various technologies, including microwave ovens, radar systems, and communication devices. Microwaves are particularly effective for transmitting information and cooking food because they can penetrate materials like plastic and glass. They are also utilized in scientific research, such as studying the cosmic microwave background radiation, which provides insights into the early universe and the formation of galaxies.