Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are devices that convert chemical energy from organic matter into electrical energy using microorganisms. These cells utilize bacteria to break down organic materials, such as waste, producing electrons and protons in the process. The flow of electrons generates electricity, making MFCs a promising technology for sustainable energy production. MFCs can be used in various applications, including wastewater treatment and renewable energy generation. By harnessing the natural processes of microorganisms, MFCs not only produce energy but also help in reducing pollution. This dual benefit makes them an attractive option for addressing environmental challenges.