Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, or MEMS, are tiny devices that combine mechanical and electrical components at a microscopic scale. They are typically made using semiconductor fabrication techniques, allowing for the integration of sensors, actuators, and electronics on a single chip. MEMS are used in various applications, including accelerometers in smartphones and pressure sensors in automotive systems. These systems can perform functions like sensing, actuation, and control, making them essential in modern technology. Their small size and low power consumption enable their use in consumer electronics, medical devices, and industrial equipment, contributing to advancements in automation and smart technology.