Michael Young was a British sociologist, social activist, and author, best known for his influential work in the fields of education and social policy. He founded the Institute of Community Studies in 1965, which focused on understanding social issues through research. Young's ideas on social mobility and meritocracy have had a lasting impact on educational practices and policies. One of his most notable contributions is the concept of the meritocracy, which he explored in his book "The Rise of the Meritocracy" published in 1958. In this work, Young critiqued the idea that success is solely based on individual talent and effort, highlighting the role of social class and privilege. His insights continue to resonate in discussions about equality and opportunity in society.