Metal extraction is the process of obtaining metals from their ores, which are naturally occurring rocks that contain valuable minerals. This process typically involves mining the ore, crushing it, and then using various methods to separate the metal from the surrounding material. Common techniques include smelting, where heat is applied to extract the metal, and electrolysis, which uses electrical energy to separate metals from their compounds. The extracted metals can then be refined and processed for various applications, such as in construction, electronics, and manufacturing. Sustainable practices in metal extraction are increasingly important to minimize environmental impact and conserve natural resources.