Metal chlorides are chemical compounds formed when a metal reacts with chlorine. They typically consist of a metal cation and chloride anions. Common examples include sodium chloride (table salt) and magnesium chloride. These compounds can be found in various states, such as solid, liquid, or dissolved in water, and they often have distinct properties based on the metal involved. These compounds are widely used in industry and everyday life. For instance, calcium chloride is used for de-icing roads, while aluminum chloride is utilized in water treatment processes. Metal chlorides can also play a role in chemical reactions and serve as catalysts in various applications.