Menachem Mendel of Kotzk, also known as the Kotzker Rebbe, was a prominent Hasidic leader in the 19th century. Born in 1787 in Poland, he became known for his deep spiritual insights and emphasis on authenticity in religious practice. His teachings often focused on the importance of inner truth and self-examination. The Kotzker Rebbe established a Hasidic court in the town of Kotzk, where he attracted many followers. He was known for his sharp wit and sometimes controversial views, which challenged conventional norms within the Hasidic community. Menachem Mendel passed away in 1866, leaving a lasting legacy in Jewish thought.