Memory modules are essential components in computers that store data temporarily for quick access by the processor. They come in various types, such as DDR4 and DDR5, which differ in speed and efficiency. These modules are typically installed on the motherboard and are crucial for multitasking and running applications smoothly. Each memory module consists of multiple DRAM chips, which work together to provide the necessary storage capacity. The amount of memory in a module is measured in gigabytes (GB), and having more memory can significantly improve a computer's performance, especially when handling large files or running demanding software.