Memory Error Detection refers to techniques used to identify and correct errors in computer memory. These errors can occur due to various reasons, such as hardware malfunctions or cosmic radiation. By detecting these errors, systems can maintain data integrity and prevent crashes. Common methods for Memory Error Detection include Parity Bits and Error-Correcting Code (ECC). Parity Bits add an extra bit to data to check for errors, while ECC can not only detect but also correct certain types of errors. Implementing these methods is crucial for systems that require high reliability, such as servers and critical applications.