Memory attacks are a type of cyber threat where attackers exploit vulnerabilities in a computer's memory to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. This can include stealing passwords, encryption keys, or other confidential data stored in the system's RAM. By manipulating how data is stored and accessed, attackers can bypass traditional security measures. These attacks can occur in various environments, including personal computers and servers. Techniques such as buffer overflow and side-channel attacks are commonly used to execute memory attacks. Protecting against these threats often involves using updated software, implementing strong security protocols, and employing encryption to safeguard sensitive information.