Membrane permeabilization refers to the process by which the cell membrane becomes more permeable, allowing substances to pass through more easily. This can occur naturally or be induced by various factors, such as chemical agents, physical stress, or biological processes. It plays a crucial role in cellular functions, including nutrient uptake and waste removal. In laboratory settings, membrane permeabilization is often used in techniques like transfection, where DNA is introduced into cells, or in drug delivery systems. Understanding this process is essential for developing therapies and treatments in fields like biotechnology and pharmacology.