Membrane biology is the study of biological membranes, which are essential structures that separate and protect the interior of cells from their external environment. These membranes are primarily composed of a double layer of phospholipids, along with proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. They play crucial roles in maintaining cell integrity, facilitating communication, and regulating the movement of substances in and out of cells. Membranes are involved in various cellular processes, including cell signaling, transport mechanisms, and energy production. Understanding membrane biology is vital for comprehending how cells function and interact, as well as for developing medical treatments targeting diseases related to membrane dysfunction.