Mehmed Ali Pasha was an Ottoman military commander and the de facto ruler of Egypt in the early 19th century. He is often regarded as the founder of modern Egypt due to his extensive reforms in the military, economy, and education. His leadership helped transform Egypt into a powerful state within the Ottoman Empire. Under Mehmed Ali Pasha's rule, Egypt experienced significant modernization, including the establishment of industries and infrastructure improvements. He also sought to reduce the influence of the Ottoman Empire in Egypt, leading to conflicts and eventual recognition of Egypt's autonomy. His legacy continues to influence Egyptian history today.