The Medieval era, also known as the Middle Ages, lasted from the 5th to the late 15th century. It began after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and is often divided into three periods: the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. This time was marked by the rise of feudalism, where land was owned by lords and worked by peasants, and the influence of the Christian Church grew significantly. During the Medieval era, Europe saw the emergence of knighthood and the establishment of castles for defense and residence. The period also experienced significant events like the Crusades, which were military campaigns aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land. Additionally, the era laid the groundwork for the Renaissance, a cultural revival that followed.