Medieval wars were conflicts that took place in Europe from the 5th to the late 15th century. These wars often involved knights, castles, and feudal lords, with battles fought over land, power, and resources. Notable conflicts included the Hundred Years' War between England and France, which lasted from 1337 to 1453, and the Crusades, a series of religious wars aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land. The tactics and technology of warfare evolved during this period. Armies began to use crossbows, longbows, and later, gunpowder weapons. The rise of professional armies and the decline of feudal levies changed the nature of warfare, leading to more organized and larger-scale battles.