A medieval ruler was a leader who governed a kingdom or territory during the Middle Ages, roughly from the 5th to the late 15th century. These rulers, often called kings or queens, held significant power and were responsible for maintaining order, collecting taxes, and defending their lands. They typically inherited their position through noble lineage and were often supported by a network of nobles and knights. Medieval rulers also played a crucial role in the feudal system, where land was exchanged for loyalty and military service. They often engaged in wars to expand their territories or defend against invasions. Additionally, many rulers sought the approval of the Church, which provided legitimacy to their reign and influenced their decisions.