Medieval Norway, spanning from the late 8th century to the late 15th century, was characterized by the rise of the Viking Age. Norse explorers and traders traveled across Europe, establishing settlements and trade routes. The society was organized into small kingdoms, with local chieftains wielding power. During this period, Norway converted to Christianity, leading to significant cultural and political changes. The establishment of the Church influenced laws and education, while the Union of Kalmar in 1397 united Norway with Denmark and Sweden, marking the end of its independence as a kingdom.