Medieval England, spanning from the 5th to the late 15th century, was marked by feudalism, where society was structured around land ownership and service. The king granted land to nobles, who in turn provided military support. Common people, known as serfs, worked the land and were bound to it, living under the protection of their lords. During this period, significant events included the Norman Conquest of 1066, which brought about changes in governance and culture. The Black Death in the 14th century drastically reduced the population, leading to social and economic shifts. The era also saw the rise of chivalry and the establishment of cathedrals.