"Mechanisms of Action" refer to the specific biochemical interactions through which a drug or substance produces its effects in the body. This includes how the drug binds to receptors, enzymes, or other cellular targets, leading to a change in function or activity. Understanding these mechanisms helps researchers develop more effective treatments and predict potential side effects. In pharmacology, knowing the mechanism of action is crucial for determining how a drug works against diseases. For example, antibiotics target bacterial processes, while pain relievers may inhibit specific enzymes involved in inflammation. This knowledge guides the safe and effective use of medications.